Musculoskeletal Key

Babesiosis Christian C. Patrick Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease that is caused by an intraerythrocytic protozoan manifesting in hemolysis in susceptible animals. The disease has been noted since biblical…

Entamoeba Histolytica Bradley Howard Kessler Amebiasis is defined as infection with Entamoeba histolytica, with or without overt clinical symptoms. Distribution of the disease is worldwide, affecting as much as 10%…

Miscellaneous Fungal Infections Michael B. Smith Michael R. McGinnis Numerous reports have implicated soil-borne fungi as causative agents of fungal diseases in a variety of clinical settings. Because most soil-…

Sporotrichosis Michael R. McGinnis Michael B. Smith Sporotrichosis is a chronic fungal infection typically limited to cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. Dissemination of the infection is unusual. The causative agent is…

Histoplasmosis Robert J. Leggiadro INTRODUCTION Histoplasmosis, caused by the dimorphic soil fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, is the most common pulmonary and systemic mycosis in humans. Normal as well as immunocompromised hosts…

Cryptococcosis Stephanie H. Stovall Steven C. Buckingham Cryptococcosis is a mycosis that predominantly affects the lung, central nervous system (CNS), skin, and bone. Nineteen species of the genus Cryptococcus have…

Coccidioidomycosis Ziad M. Shehab EPIDEMIOLOGY Coccidioidomycosis is an infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Coccidioides immitis. Usually, the primary pulmonary infection is self-limited, but disseminated and even fatal disease can…

Aspergillosis Walter T. Hughes Aspergillosis is caused by a monomorphic mold and may occur in several diverse disease forms. The clinical features depend on whether the infection results in colonization…

The Dermatophytoses Bernhard L. Wiedermann Dermatophytosis refers to colonization of the skin with members of the dermatophytic fungi of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Clinical disease may appear as…