Developmental and Functional Anatomy of the Thoracic Spine
CHAPTER 71 Developmental and Functional Anatomy of the Thoracic Spine Venu Akuthota, John Tobey The thoracic spine has long been treated as the ugly stepsister of the cervical and lumbar…
On-the-field Assessment of the Cervical Spine-Injured Athlete
CHAPTER 126 On-the-field Assessment of the Cervical Spine-Injured Athlete Jonathan A. Drezner INTRODUCTION Physicians caring for athletes during sports competition must be prepared to evaluate and treat injuries to the…
Pharmacology of Local Anesthetic Agents
CHAPTER 12 Pharmacology of Local Anesthetic Agents Tom Edrich, Kamen Vlassakov, Peter Gerner INTRODUCTION The development of general and, in particular, local anesthetics (LAs), required both socioeconomic and cultural changes,…
Coccydynia
CHAPTER 120 Coccydynia Jean-Yves Maigne INTRODUCTION Although coccygeal pain was first described in relation to a fracture by sixteenth-century French surgeon Ambroise Paré, the term coccydynia was not introduced until…
An Algorithmic Methodology
CHAPTER 82 An Algorithmic Methodology Michael J. DePalma, Curtis W. Slipman Lumbosacral radiculopathy is defined as the neurophysiologic dysfunction of the nerve roots affecting both motor and sensory fibers in…
Kyphoplasty Technique
CHAPTER 33 Kyphoplasty Technique Amir H. Fayyazi, Frank M. Phillips INTRODUCTION Pathologic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a leading cause of disability and morbidity in patients with osteoporosis, multiple myeloma,…
Acute Intervention and Return to Play
CHAPTER 128 Acute Intervention and Return to Play Wesley Smeal, Joel Press INTRODUCTION As a team physician, one has an opportunity to work with and treat athletes. Being a team…
Surgical Decompression for Foraminal Stenosis
CHAPTER 61 Surgical Decompression for Foraminal Stenosis Mark A. Knaub, Douglas S. Won, Harry N. Herkowitz INTRODUCTION Cervical spondylosis is a common, occasionally disabling condition that occurs as a consequence…
Therapeutic Injections and Radiofrequency Denervation
CHAPTER 116 Therapeutic Injections and Radiofrequency Denervation Way Yin INTRODUCTION For more than 70 years, the sacroiliac joint complex has been implicated as a significant and discreet structural source of…
Neural Scarring
CHAPTER 104 Neural Scarring David W. Chow INTRODUCTION Of the myriad causes of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), neural scarring has been reported to be the cause of failed back…
