Fig. 9.1 Patient positioning. a The patient is positioned on the fully extended operating room table with a lateral post used for control of the surgical extremity. b The surgeon…
(1) Sports Medicine, Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA (2) Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA KeywordsKneePosterior cruciate ligamentPCL All-insideReconstructionMultipleligament Introduction The incidence of posterior cruciate ligament…
Fig. 24.1 A size-matched fresh-frozen donor hemi-plateau with meniscus is obtained from a tissue bank in order to fashion a free meniscus graft. (With kind permission from Ref. [107]) Fig….
Fig. 14.1 Sagittal view of the preoperative PCL. a Top MRI reveals the proximal avulsion, the ligament is still intact at the tibia but avulsed from the femur (white arrow)….
Fig. 23.1 Traumatic full-thickness chondral lesion of the medial femoral condyle PCL insufficiency has known detrimental effects on joint mechanics of the knee, and the kinematics can be altered dramatically…
Fig. 11.1 Intraoperative physical exam finding of the PCL-deficient knee; a posterior sag of the right tibia in 90° of flexion Radiography The initial diagnostic imaging study should be plain…
Mean measurement ± SD (mm) AL PM Anteroposterior length 8 ± 2 6 ± 1 Width 9 ± 2 10 ± 2 Center from posterior tibial axis (posteroanterior) 7 ± 2 3 ± 1 Center from medial tibial edge 37 ± 4 38 ± 5…
Fig. 26.1 Elongation of the anterolateral (AL) and posteromedial (PM) bundles of the PCL with weight-bearing knee flexion from 0° to 135°. PCL—posterior cruciate ligament. ([8] Reprinted with permission from…
Fig. 21.1 The graft-tensioning boot consists of a frame that has a ratcheted torque wrench attached to the frame. The device fits over the surgical foot and leg. (From Fanelli…
Fig. 19.1 Preoperative radiographs in a 12-year-old boy. The diagnosis in this patient is a right knee posterior-cruciate-ligament-based multiple-ligament-injured knee with posterior cruciate ligament tear, posteromedial instability type A, and…
