Physical Examination of the Elbow
1. History 1. Co-morbidity 2. Etiology Acute Progressive 3. Symptoms Pain Stiffness Locking Paresthesia 4. Location 2. Inspection 1. Resting position 2. Localized swelling 3. Carrying angle 4. Anatomical areas …
PRP in Lateral Elbow Pain
Fig. 10.1 (a) Schematic drawing showing the extensor-supinator muscles. BR: Brachiorradialis. ECRL: extensor carpis radialis longus. ECRB: extensor carpis radialis brevis (responsible for most of the pathology). ECD: extensor digitis…
Degenerative Elbow in Sportsmen
Fig. 12.1 3D reconstruction CT is important in order to visualise osteophyte distribution and assess complex deformity patterns when planning surgical debridement The accuracy of the method of diagnostic imaging…
Radial Head Fractures
Fig. 22.1 Mason classified radial head fractures as nondisplaced, displaced, and displaced and comminuted [18]. Johnston added a fourth type, which entails all radial head fractures in concomitance with an…
Posterior Impingement of the Elbow
Fig. 16.1 The overhead throwing motion can be broken down into six phases: (1) windup, (2) early cocking, (3) late cocking, (4) acceleration, (5) deceleration, and (6) follow-through As the…
Clinical Relevant Anatomy of the Elbow
Fig. 1.1 (a) Anterior view: lateral epicondyle (1), capitellum (2), trochlea (3), medial epicondyle (4), coronoid process (5), and radial head (6). (b) Posterior view: olecranon (7). (c–e) The condyles…
Imaging of the Elbow in Overhead Athletes
Children Adults 1. Fat pads 1. Fat pads 2. Anterior humeral line 2. Cortex of radial head and neck 3. Radiocapitellar line 3. Radiocapitellar line 4. Ossification centers 4.1.2 Magnetic…
Lateral-Sided Elbow Pain
Risk factors Overuse in sport Smoking Obesity Oral steroid use Age 45–54 years Other tendinopathies Repetitive movement Diabetes White race 9.2 Anatomy In order to better understand the etiology of…
Evaluation of UCL by Ultrasound
Fig. 7.1 Anterior elbow examination. The patient is seated with the elbow extended and the forearm supinated. The probe is placed on the longitudinal plane (long axis). A slight bending…
New Aspects in UCL Stabilization
Fig. 6.1 Medial collateral ligament and ulnar nerve. E medial epicondyle, AOL anterior oblique ligament, POL posterior oblique ligament, U ulna, Un ulnar nerve The AOL is the strongest component…
