Fig. 18.1 Clavicular attachments of the conoid and trapezoid ligaments. Note the conoid attachment at the most posterior aspect of the clavicle, at the apex of curvature. These anatomic insertion…
Fig. 39.1 Evolution of the shoulder girdle . (a) Reptiles have a sprawling posture with the forces directed medially. (b) In terrestrial mammals the limbs are brought under the body,…
Fig. 36.1 Injection of the AC joint using surface anatomy and fluoroscopic guidance techniques to localize the joint 36.1.2 Acromion The acromion is a flat trapezoidal process that arises from…
Fig. 15.1 Bigliani classification of acromial shape: type I (flat), type II (curved), and type III (hooked) (Figure adapted from Kevin D. Plancher, MD) The subacromial bursa lies between the…
Fig. 33.1 The suprascapular nerve runs parallel to the muscle belly of the omohyoid muscle along the posterior cervical triangle as it exits the upper trunk (Copyright K. Plancher) Fig….
Fig. 22.1 Overview of the assessed radiologic parameters. (a) The acromiohumeral interval – distance from superior humerus to inferior acromion. (b) The acromion index – ratio GA/GH. GA the distance…
Fig. 25.1 Top row: Left shoulder, posterior viewing portal, 70° arthroscopic view of glenohumeral joint. (a) The subscapularis tendon (SSc) is torn from the lesser tuberosity (LT), but not retracted….
Fig. 23.1 Fast spin-echo T2-weighted oblique coronal image 1. This anterior slice depicts the subscapularis tendon with its several intramuscular tendons spanning into the muscle belly. Above the subscapularis tendon…
Vessel Vulnerable areas Injury Mechanism Subclavian vein Medial third of clavicle Perforation Drill tearing TOS Callus compression DVT Subclavian artery Junction medial and middle third Pseudoaneurysm Prominent metalware Axillary artery…
Vangsness (%) Tuoheti (%) Entirely posterior 22 28 Posterior dominant 33 55 Equal 37 17 Entirely anterior 8 0 “Rounded-off” data from Vangsness et al. [58] and Tuoheti et…
