In Vitro Macrophage Phagocytosis Assay
Fig. 1 Work flow of the phagocytosis assay with estimated times for each step. MΦ, macrophages; RBCs, red blood cells; C3, complement component 3 2 Materials 2.1 Establishing Macrophage Primary…
Intravital Microscopy for Atherosclerosis Research
Fig. 1 Overview of image modalities for intravital microscopy. (a) comparison of characteristic image properties (i.e., axial and lateral resolution, acquisition speed, depth penetration multichannel detection, and motion artifact vulnerability)…
Quantification of Cellular Proliferation in Mouse Atherosclerotic Lesions
Fig. 1 Representative image of Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining in mouse early-stage atherosclerotic plaques. apoE-KO mice were fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks. 6 μm-thick histological sections were obtained from…
Glucose and Insulin Tolerance Tests in the Mouse
Mouse number BW (g) Glucose solution volume (μl) to inject Glucose levels (mg/dL) 0 min 15 min 30 min 60 min 120 min 1 2 3 4 5 6 …
Fluorescent Molecular Tomography for In Vivo Imaging of Mouse Atherosclerosis
, where [Fluo] i and [Exc] i represent the fluorescence and excitation image for source position i, respectively, and s is a smoothing factor that prevents division by very small…
Mechanical Stabilization of Mouse Carotid Artery for In Vivo Intravital Microscopy Imaging of Atherogenesis
Fig. 1 Surgical preparation and stabilization of the mouse carotid artery. Numbers indicate the different elements and tissues involved in the procedure. (a) Mice are immobilized in decubitus position, the…
Tandem Stenosis to Induce Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in the Mouse
Fig. 1 Schematic drawing of the tandem stenosis. ApoE−/− mice at 6–8 weeks of age are fed with Western diet containing 22 % fat and 0.15 % cholesterol and tap…
Bone Marrow Transplantation in Mice to Study the Role of Hematopoietic Cells in Atherosclerosis
Fig. 1 Illustrative example of bone marrow transplantation to generate mixed chimeras in mice. Six- to eight-week-old recipient mice are irradiated with myeloablative doses of radiation. In this example, femurs…
Analysis of Gene and Protein Expression in Atherosclerotic Mouse Aorta by Western Blot and Quantitative Real-Time PCR
Resolving gel (%) 5 7.5 10 12 15 Total vol 8 ml 8 ml 8 ml 8 ml 8 ml ddH2O 4.5 ml 3.8 ml 3.2 ml 2.6 ml 1.8…
Cytokines and Immune Responses in Murine Atherosclerosis
Fig. 1 The primary cytokines involved in atherosclerosis. In red: atherogenic cytokines. In green: atheroprotective cytokines. In blue: exact role still under investigation Fig. 2 Cytokines in the immune response…
