CHAPTER 8 Assessment of Lower Limb Spasticity and Other Consequences of the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome Alberto Esquenazi A number of clinical assessment strategies are routinely used to evaluate the…
CHAPTER 17 Effects of Noninvasive Neuromodulation in Spasticity Lumy Sawaki Nonpharmacological, noninvasive neuromodulation is a set of techniques that can alter the excitability of the central nervous system (1–8). The…
CHAPTER 10 Chemoneurolysis With Phenol and Alcohol: A “Dying Art” That Merits Revival Lawrence J. Horn, Gurtej Singh, and Edward R. Dabrowski For the three decades before the introduction of…
CHAPTER 24 Spasticity Due to Multiple Sclerosis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Anjali Shah and Ian Maitin SPASTICITY IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, debilitating, inflammatory disease of…
