Surgical Neck Fracture
Fig. 11.1 Schematic drawing of the proximal humerus, axial view (red line tuberosity fracture, orange circle nail entry point, HH humeral head, GT greater tuberosity, LT lesser tuberosity): an adequate…
Fracture-Dislocations
Fig. 15.1 Complex three-part fracture-dislocation with bone loss between the lesser and greater tuberosities. (a) Anteroposterior X-ray showing the anterior dislocation of the head and the fracture of the lesser…
External Fixation: When and How
Fig. 27.1 “Absolute safe zone” defined as equivalent in length to the patient’s own transepicondylar distance (a), when projected proximally from the lateral epicondyle (b) The elbow axis of rotation…
Closed Reduction Principles
Fig. 4.1 A two-part fracture pattern. The fragments are dislocated by the pectoralis major and deltoid muscle (a, anterolateral view), by the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendon (b, anterolateral view), and…
Surgical Approaches Based on Fracture Patterns
Fig. 24.1 Indications for surgical approaches based on fracture patterns Fig. 24.2 Indications for posterior approaches based on fracture patterns 24.2 Lateral and Medial Approaches In trauma reconstruction, a medial…
Malunion of Humeral Tuberosity Fractures
Fig. 13.1 Schematic drawing: displacement of the greater tuberosity >5 Fig. 13.2 Schematic drawing: arthroscopic fragment removal and rotator cuff reconstruction Displacement >5 mm of a larger fragment is managed…
The Tuberosities
Fig. 12.1 (a) Single large fragment of greater tuberosity fracture: X-ray. (b) Arthroscopic treatment with two cannulated screws. (c) Postoperative X-ray Where there are several small or poor-quality fragments, fixation…
Conservative Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures: Prognostic Factors and Outcome
Fig. 17.1 Examples of computed tomography-assisted measurements performed after correction for magnification (Modified with permission and copyright © of the British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery [5]) Our…
Radial Palsy and Humerus Fractures
Fig. 19.1 Radial nerve entrapped by external fixation screw. The early exploration, following the secondary nerve palsy, allowed a simple decompression with screw reposition. The radial nerve recovered in 2…
Nerve Injuries in Proximal Humeral Fractures
Fig. 14.1 Epidemiology of damaged nerves after proximal humeral fractures according to Visser’s description 14.4 Clinical and Instrumental Diagnosis Every dislocation or fracture of the proximal humerus with or without…
