Fig. 4.1 Rotator cuff tear progression on sequential MRI studies. (a, b) Select coronal T2-weighted images demonstrate a medium-sized supraspinatus tear retracted to the mid-humeral head and without extension into…
Fig. 11.1 Patient is a 75-year-old male with a 3-year history of shoulder pain without a defined traumatic event. He is able to elevate his arm above his head, but…
Fig. 2.1 The Jobe test, or “empty can test,” is useful to evaluate for tears that involve the supraspinatus. The test is performed with the patient’s shoulders flexed to 90°…
Cuff tear arthropathy in the elderly, low-demand patient desiring only pain relief and a low-risk operation (Fig. 9.1) Cuff tear arthropathy or massive rotator cuff tear with preoperative forward elevation…
Fig. 6.1 View of the lateral aspect of the shoulder. Different-colored sutures from the medial row anchor/aspect of tendon through the patch Once the medial sutures are passed through the…
Fig. 15.1 Scheme of diabetic lesions of the foot Septic Neuropathic Ischemic Combined [81] Diabetic Charcot neuroarthropathy is the most severe form of the diabetic foot, which differs in certain…
Synovitis Stretching of the joint capsule Periosteal elevation Pain at tendon and ligament insertion sites (enthesopathy) Muscular hypertonus Increased intra-articular pressure Bone microfractures 13.4 Risk Factors of OA Development In…
Fig. 16.1 Predisposing factors of metabolic arthritis and avascular necrosis Osteopenia or osteoporosis commonly found in older population is usually more marked if associated with MS; however, with concomitant osteochondrosis…
Fig. 18.1 Knees – AP – early signs of chondrocalcinosis, fine linear shadow in the central part of the tibiofemoral joint space in both knees, calcification of hyaline cartilage (red…
Fig. 32.1 Arthrodesis of the knee joint with a nail In the long run, it eliminates pain and improves weight bearing capacity and stability at the expense of certain limitation…
