CTS Associated or Caused by Other Medical Conditions
Central obesity (waist circumference > 102 cm in males and >88 cm in females) Hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL) Low serum HDL-C (<40 mg/dL in males and <50 mg/dL in…
Differential Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Neurologic conditions Non-neurologic conditions • Neoplastic – Intracranial neoplasm – Pancoast tumor – Peripheral nerve tumor • Neurologic – Multiple sclerosis – Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – Brachial plexopathy – Thoracic outlet syndrome – Parsonage-Turner syndrome – Pronator syndrome – Polyneuropathy • Cervical – Cervical…
Percutaneous Placement
Percutaneous leads Paddle leads Advantages Relatively lower invasiveness Relative ease of insertion Epidural insertion below the cord level Ability to implant multiple leads at once Freedom to advance in cranio-caudal…
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Axial Pain Syndromes
Fig. 18.1 The somatotopic organization of the thoracic dorsal columns: Note the proximity of the low back fibers to the lateral portions of the column and thus the entering dorsal…
Interventional Procedures
Fig. 12.1 AP fluoroscopic view of right cervical medial branch block Fig. 12.2 Lateral illustration of cervical medial branch block. From Fung DA et al. Injections of the Cervical, Thoracic,…
Intrathecal Drug Delivery: Surgical Technique
Fig. 19.1 Placement of intrathecal catheter through Tuohy needle after accessing CSF. Note: Black suture is purse-string placed around needle as it passes through fascia which, at this point, remains…
Neuromodulation
(1) IPM Medical Group, Inc., Walnut Creek, CA, USA KeywordsChronic painNeuromodulationSpinal cordStimulationIntrathecal drug deliveryPumpAxial painLow back painLimb painTonicHF10 therapyBurstDorsal root ganglionPost-lumbar laminectomyFBSSRadiculopathy Key Points Neuromodulation is quickly evolving to…
Cervical Pain Syndromes
Fever or chills Trauma Unexplained weight loss Osteoporosis History of cancer History of ankylosing spondylitis History of intravenous drug abuse Bowel of bladder changes Recent infection Upper of lower extremity…
Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
Fig. 20.1 Utility of MRI. (a) T1 MRI shows low attenuation in the acute L2 vertebral body fracture. (b) T2 MRI shows altered signal in the L2 vertebral body. (c)…
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation—Cervical Syndromes
Fig. 17.1 Example of regional peripheral stimulation (in this case for axial thoracic pain). The two sets of electrodes have been inserted subcutaneously along the length of the demarcated lateral…
