Challenges and Complications of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Fig. 14.1 (a, b) The initial surgical incision for carpal tunnel release in this patient was placed very distally (outlined by pickups) (a). Initial carpal tunnel release led to worsening…
Use of Reverse Radial Forearm Fascial Flap for Median Nerve Coverage
Fig. 20.1 Outline of radial artery and the perforators as identified by ultrasound For revision carpal tunnel cases, the incision will begin at the site of the previous scar. Perform…
Revision Carpal Tunnel Surgery Options
Symptoms Examination Etiology Treatment options Recurrent CTS Numbness completely resolved then recurs Findings range from normal to (+) Tinel’s, Phalen’s, carpal compression test, or expanded two-point discrimination Most common:…
Pathophysiology of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Fig. 3.1 Anatomy and cross section of carpal tunnel showcasing the underlying structures Increased Pressure Normal pressure in the Carpal tunnel ranges from 2 to 10 mmHg [23]. Changes in the…
Biomechanical Effects of Transverse Carpal Ligament Release
Fig. 25.1 Cross section of the carpal tunnel before (left side) and after (right side) the TCL release. After the TCL release, the more convex shape of the TCL resulted…
Treatment of Median Nerve Transection
Fig. 18.1 Cross-sectional appearance of peripheral nerve. Obtained from: Biazar E, Khorasani MT, Montazeri N et al. Types of neural guides and using nanotechnology for peripheral nerve reconstruction. Int J…
Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Median Nerve Pain
Fig. 30.1 Diagram of the gate control theory proposed by Melzack and Wall. The T cell is a neuron with ascending fibers in the spinothalamic, spinoreticular, and spinomesencephalic tracts. The…
Median Compressive Neuropathy Proximal to the Carpal Tunnel
Fig. 28.1 Anatomy of the median nerve. (a) Illustration demonstrating the course of the median nerve as it passes through the antecubital fossa. The nerve runs deep to the bicipital…
The Indications and Importance of Obtaining Electrical Studies
Recommended electrodiagnostic testing NCS EMG Median n. sensory across the wrist Thenar musculature Median n. motor to thenar muscles C5-T1 sample musculature Motor and sensory testing of another nerve in…
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and Carpal Tunnel Surgery
IASP criteria for CRPS CRPS type 1 Two to four of the following criteria must be met, with two to four being mandatory CRPS type 2 All of the following…
