The Patellofemoral Joint
Fig. 5.1 Panels (a–c) demonstrate the effect of the femoral frame of reference on describing trochlear groove Fig. 5.2 (a) The moving landmark of the patellar centre during knee flexion…
The Meniscus
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán and Alexander D. Liddle (eds.)Joint Preservation in the Adult Knee10.1007/978-3-319-41808-7_7 7. The Meniscus Luke D. Jones1 and Sean O’Leary2, 3 (1) Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK (2) Royal Berkshire Hospital,…
Connective Tissue Diseases in Childhood: An Approach to the Diagnosis and Classification
1. Lupus disorders (a) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (b) Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) (c) Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) (i) Cardiac (ii) Noncardiac (d) Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (i) Discoid (ii)…
Rheumatic Manifestations of Genetic Disorders and Hemophilia
Fig. 47.1 (a) Two sibs with MONA – note mild coarsening of the face. (b) Painful, claw hand of a child. (c) Radiograph showing osteoporosis, modeling deformities of metacarpals, and…
Imaging in Pediatric Rheumatology
Fig. 11.1 X-ray of the left hand showing periarticular soft tissue swelling of the proximal inter-phalangeal joints (arrow) in a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) X-rays however have low…
Common Orthopedic Problems in Children
Fig. 16.1 (a) Jack’s windup test. (b) Arch restoration on passive dorsiflexion of the big toe. (c) Arches reformed on heel rise and heels swing into normal varus Standing on…
Childhood Central Nervous System Vasculitis
Fig. 40.1 Diagnostic evaluation of a child with suspected inflammatory brain disease. Abbreviations: CVID common variable immunodeficiency, HLH hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, HES hypereosinophilic syndrome, vWF von Willebrand factor antigen, LAC lupus…
Childhood Sarcoidosis
Fig. 46.1 Boggy synovitis of both knees in child with early-onset sarcoidosis Fig. 46.2 Skin rash in a child with sarcoidosis following etanercept treatment Introduction Sarcoidosis is challenging both to…
Management of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Name Etanercept Infliximab Adalimumab Chemical content Fully humanized Mouse chimeric Fully humanized Chemical structure P-75 soluble TNF receptor protein fused to human Fc region of human IgG1 Chimeric IgG1 Anti-TNF…
Joint Hypermobility and Pain Syndromes in Children
Fig. 45.1 Hypermobility at the 5th metacarpophalangeal joint Fig. 45.2 Hypermobility of the thumb showing the thumb touching the volar aspect of the forearm Fig. 45.3 Hypermobile knee with marked…
