Patellar Instability
Introduction Patellar instability is a common cause of knee dysfunction in adolescents and young adults, with primary patellar dislocations occurring at an incidence of 42 per 100,000 person-years. Management after…
Cartilage Surgery in the Juvenile
Background Focal articular cartilage lesions or defects are common in arthroscopic surgery of the knee. Chondral defects may occur as a result of overt trauma, but can also occur because…
General Considerations and Complications for Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Introduction Although once considered rare among skeletally immature patients, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have increased in frequency among children and adolescents over recent years. , The observed increase in…
Cartilage Surgery in the Adult
Introduction Chondral injuries are becoming an increasingly recognized cause of pain and disability in the knee. , When patients with focal symptomatic chondral defects fail nonoperative management, surgical intervention is…
Multiple Ligament Injury
Introduction Multiligament injuries can pose challenging scenarios in terms of treatment protocols because of the complex nature of the injury mechanisms and potential complications that may occur. A knee dislocation…
Medial Collateral Ligament
Introduction The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most frequently injured ligaments of the knee. Earlier studies tended to focus primarily on injury to the MCL; however, recent…
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Introduction Research regarding the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee has significantly improved our understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics it encompasses, yielding vital information regarding the three major stabilizing…
Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative Complications With Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Introduction Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries are most commonly encountered in the setting of multiligamentous knee injuries. Isolated injuries of the PCL are relatively less common by comparison. A prospective…
Complications in Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery: Transphyseal in Skeletally Immature Patients
Introduction Although once thought to be uncommon, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are increasingly recognized in the pediatric and adolescent athletic population. In total, 12% to 36% of children and…
Complications in Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery: All-Epiphyseal Technique
Introduction The all-epiphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction techniques are efficacious alternatives to traditional ACL reconstruction (ACLR) techniques in skeletally immature patients. Current trends in pediatric orthopedics show the growing…
