Disc Herniation in the Adolescent Athlete
Fig. 16.1 (a) Axial MRI images of a 38 y/o nonathletic patient with a L5-S1 HNP. (b) Axial MRI images of 19 y/o elite athlete (who is currently an elite NFL…
of Athletes with Back or Leg Pain
Symptoms Rule out Fever, malaise, unintentional weight loss Infection Fever, malaise, unintentional weight loss, night pain, history of cancer Cancer Neurologic deficits, bowel or bladder dysfunction Cauda equina Abnormal behavior,…
and Spondylolisthesis in Athletes
Fig. 17.1 Three cases of spondylolysis from one family In 1978, Haukipuro et al. reviewed the pedigrees of spondylolysis families and concluded that inheritance of lumbar spondylolysis is autosomal dominant…
Disk Herniation and Degenerative Disk Disease in the Athlete
Level Nerve root/dermatome Motor weakness Sensory distortion Reflex loss L1–L2, L2–L3 L2,L3 Hip flexors Anterior thigh None L3–L4 L4 Quadriceps Medial calf Patellar Tibialis anterior Medial foot L4–L5 L5 Extensor…
Stenosis in the Elite Athlete
Fig. 12.1 This is a case presentation of a 30-year-old professional basketball player. He presented to our clinic after an in-game hyperextension injury. He had experienced an episode of transient…
of the Athlete’s Spine
Fig. 3.1 Watkins’ lumbar rehabilitation program Fig. 3.2 Dead bug exercise . (a) Level 1 of the exercise. The spine is kept in a neutral tucked position, and feet are…
Cervical Anomalies in Athletes
Fig. 10.1 Classification system for posterior C1 ring anomalies. (a) Failure of posterior midline fusion of the two hemiarches. (b) Unilateral clefts. A defect is present in one of the…
Pathology in Athletes
Fig. 19.1 Pertinent anatomy of costovertebral articulations . Axial figure of costovertebral joint shows costocentral and costotransverse articulations, normal on the right and disrupted on the left. (From: O’Brien and…
Lumbar Injuries in Athletes
Fig. 18.1 Lateral and AP radiograph of the lumbar spine with relevant anatomy labeled. (From: Valladares-Otero [33]. Reprinted with permission from Springer Nature) (a) X-Ray Lateral View Lumbar Spine. (b)…
Cord Neurapraxia
Fig. 9.1 Space available for the cord Fig. 9.2 Torg ratio – (a, b) By utilizing these standard radiographic techniques , it can be shown that cervical spinal stenosis is…
