Musculoskeletal Key

CLINICAL SUMMARY Chordoma is a slow-growing malignancy with a strong predisposition for the sacrum and skull base. Because of its location, sacrococcygeal chordoma is often discovered after it has attained…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Osteoid osteomas are small, painful, bone lesions that are typically intracortical. Patients usually present with rest pain as well as night pain. Lesions are easily located with nuclear…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Fibrous dysplasia results when fibrous tissue and metaplastic bone replace marrow and lamellar bone. It is typically an asymptomatic, incidental discovery; however, when a large segment of a…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Adamantinoma is a low-grade malignancy that is found almost exclusively in the tibia and fibula of young adults. Histologically, it is distinguished from other bone tumors by the…

Cellular Elements of Bone Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, and Osteoclasts SUMMARY Bone is formed by osteoblasts, maintained by osteocytes, and remodeled by osteoclasts. Osteoblasts Osteoblasts synthesize type I collagen and produce alkaline…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Enchondromas are thought to be physeal cartilage rests that failed to ossify during skeletal growth. They are frequent, incidental discoveries in the metaphyseal humerus and femur during radiographic…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Osteoblastoma is an uncommon, benign, but locally aggressive osteoid-producing tumor. Treatment is thorough curettage or marginal excision. Osteoblastoma tends to occur more commonly in the spine than in…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Osteochondromas are disorders of physeal bone growth in which histologically normal bone grows transversely away from the center of the growth plate. The large majority of patients with…

Campanacci Disease, Cortical Osteofibrous Dysplasia, Ossifying Fibroma CLINICAL SUMMARY Osteofibrous dysplasia is a distinctive intracortical lesion almost always seen in the anterior tibial cortex. Histologically, it resembles fibrous dysplasia. Small…

CLINICAL SUMMARY Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign bone tumor with a predilection for the metaphysis of long bones and a distinctive histologic appearance. Curettage is adequate for most cases….