Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 14.1 (a–d) Fracture types, which are suitable for nailing are the AO/OTA types 23-A2, A3, C1 and C2 Also metaphyseal fractures with a simple articular extension (AO/OTA 23-C1-2) (Fig….

Primary site % metastasis to bone Breast 50–85 Prostate 50–70 Lung 30–50 Kidney 30–50 Thyroid 40 Melanoma 30–40 Urine bladder 15–25 According to Hage et al. [4] Dependent upon the…

Fig. 12.1 Entry portal in antegrade nailing when a curved nail will be inserted The axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery originate posteriorly and wind round the surgical…

Fig. 13.1 A 61-years old male suffers a grade II open olecranon fracture after a fall from the stairs. (a, b) Grade II open olecranon fracture. Anteroposterior and lateral view….

Fig. 15.1 (a–c) Preoperative anteroposterior, oblique and lateral radiographs of a 32 year old patient with a displaced fracture of the fifth metacarpal neck of the right hand. (d, e)…

Fig. 17.1 An 88-year old lady sustained a right hip fracture by stumbling from a single stair. (a) The preoperative pelvic overview shows an unstable pertrochanteric fracture, AO/OTA classification 32-A2….

Fig. 5.1 A computerized navigation tool for determining femoral version and rotational reduction. As proximally the center of the femoral head and the greater trochanteric tip are marked, distally the…

Nutrient artery: blood supply of the inner 2/3 of the cortical bone Periosteal arterial vessels: blood supply of the outer 1/3 of the cortical bone Venous system = capacity vessels = venous pooling Veins…

Fig. 4.1 Sequence of locking/‘backslap technique’. Backslap technique for avoiding fragment diastasis. (a) Schematic drawing of a midshaft fracture with a bending wedge. (b) Friction between the nail and the…

Fig. 1.1 A case from Bircher [4], the ivory peg was removed and the fracture went on to union During the turn of the century, as Europeans explored the tropics,…