Primary author Year Subjects, number Sex Weight (kg) FFM (kg) Gas collection device REE (kcal/day) (kcal/kgBW/day) (kcal/kgFFM/day) Taguchi M 2001 16 runners Female 48.2 ± 4.1 40.1 ± 2.8 Douglas bag 1,246 ± 121 26.0 ± 3.1 29.1 ± 3.8 …
Fig. 21.1 A typical example of ski-sensor voltage during (a) a medium-speed trial, and (b) a high speed trial Fig. 21.2 Phase diagram of V2 skating for (a) a medium-speed…
Fig. 22.1 Photograph of the experimental intervention – a life jacket with additional mass of 12.4 kg. The life jacket was securely fastened to the athletes and the additional mass elements…
Fig. 10.1 Mitochondrial haplogroup distribution in endurance athletes sprint/power athletes, and controls. *P = 0.032 vs Control, *P = 0.007 vs Control (Modified from Mikami 2011) Interestingly, Okura et al. (2003) reported that m.15497G>A…
Fig. 16.1 Mechanistic model of skeletal muscle function. CC, SEC, and PEC represent contractile component, series elastic component, and parallel elastic component, respectively It has been confirmed that tendon length…
Fig. 26.1 Special apparatus to analyze the ball spin Fig. 26.2 Definition of the angles of elevation Φ and azimuth θ Ball spin rate just after ball release was calculated…
Pressure intensity (mmHg) GRA UNI LOC Muscle belly of gastrocnemius 18 30 30 Ankle 30 30 18 GRA graduated pressure profile, LOC localized pressure profile at the gastrocnemius region,…
Fig. 17.1 Typical examples of fascicle length changes during twitch contractions After a twitch contraction was elicited, maximal-voluntary isometric plantar flexion was performed for six seconds as a conditioning contraction….
Author Theme sport Components Côté et al. (1995a) Coaching model (knowledge) Gymnastics Competition, training, organization, Coach’s personal characteristics, Gymnast’s personal characteristics and level of development, contextual factors Côté et al….
Fig. 8.1 Scheme depicting the two major mechanisms purported to underlie the development of muscle cramps 8.5.1 Central Origin Theory Norris et al. (1957) proposed the central origin theory after…
