Lower Limb
Lower Limb ANATOMY The lower limb spans the head of the femur to the toes. The leg lies between knee joint and ankle joint. Structures of the thigh are referred…
Upper Limb
Upper Limb The upper limb positions the hand for bimanual activity within the field of vision. For many anomalies of the upper limb, normal function and appearance are unattainable. Management…
Introduction
Introduction Orthopædic derives from L’Orthopedie (1741) by Nicholas Andry de Bois-Regard (1658-1742). It is derived from Greek ορθºζ: “straight” and παιζ (root παιδ—): “child.” Andry was a Professor of Theology…
Inspection of the Skin
Inspection of the Skin Exposed bluish sinews Wrinkled skin, lacking elasticity Purple stasis spots on the right arm Primary disease diagnosis Exhaustion of the essential qi of the viscera with…
Inspection of the Sense Organs and Orifices of the Head and Face
Inspection of the Sense Organs and Orifices of the Head and Face Primary disease diagnosis Internal accumulation of water-damp External contraction of cold-dampness Depressed dampness transforming into heat 105 Un-united…
Inspection of the Body and Limbs
Inspection of the Body and Limbs Presentation Blackness of the upper lip Pale redness of the lower lip White facial complexion Blackness of the nose Primary disease Spleen and stomach…
Inspection of Vitality and Color
Inspection of Vitality and Color Observation of vitality, or shen (), is used to determine the body’s general condition of vigor and spirit and is done by examining various aspects…
Inspection of the Tongue
Inspection of the Tongue Yang syndrome Excess syndrome Wind edema; Acute glomerulonephritis Presentation Fear of cold Cold limbs Likes to lie in curled up position Likes warmth Fatigued spirit Somnolence…
