Musculoskeletal Key

Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair James C. Esch MD Jeffrey W. Tamborlane MD Key Points The glenohumeral space and arcomiohumeral distance are carefully evaluated on the anteroposterior (AP) radiograph for arthritis,…

Principles of Shoulder Rehabilitation Benjamin D. Rubin MD, MS Key Points The shoulder functions in the context of a kinetic chain, a series of links and segments activated sequentially in…

Pectoralis Major Tendon Ruptures George K. Bal MD, FACS Carl J. Basamania MD Key Points The pectoralis major muscle demonstrates two distinctively different parts—the clavicular head and the sternal head….

Biceps Tendon Paul C. Brady MD Keith D. Nord MD, MS Stephen S. Burkhart MD Key Points The long head of the biceps (LHB) originates at and around the supraglenoid…

Acute Injuries: Shoulder Fractures and Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries Robert Talac MD, PHD Joel J. Smith MD Key Points The most common cause of a proximal humerus fracture is…

Thermal Treatment, Sutures, Knots, and Bone Anchors Robert A. Pedowitz MD, PhD Key Points Arthroscopic methods for shoulder surgery offer superior visualization and open the door for complex procedures with…

Adhesive Capsulitis Scott P. Fischer MD Serge Kaska MD Key Points True shoulder stiffness is the loss of passive range of motion in the shoulder. Many patients who complain of…

Cartilage Carlos A. Guanche MD Key Points Full-thickness articular cartilage defects have a limited capacity to heal. Thus, articular cartilage lesions and osteochondral defects in any joint present a challenging…

The Rotator Cuff Richard K.N. Ryu MD Graham R. Hurvitz MD Key Points The majority of symptomatic rotator cuff disease patients respond to a nonoperative program emphasizing the restoration of…

Shoulder Labral Tears and Instability George F. (RICK) Hatch III MD John G. Costouros MD Peter J. Millett MD, MSC Jon J.P. Warner MD Key Points The goal of therapeutic…