Musculoskeletal Key

Medial Collateral Ligament Donald H. Johnson MD, FRCS Key Points The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is a broad ligament that attaches to the medial femoral epicondyle and to the medial…

Elbow Injuries Ronald M. Selby MD Marc R. Safran MD Stephen J. O’Brien MD, PLLC Key Points The elbow joint is multifaceted and works primarily in conjunction with the shoulder…

Sports Related Bony Lesions of the Hip: Fractures, Stress Fractures, Avulsion, AVN, Dislocation, and Subluxation Carlos A.M. Higuera MD Joshua M. Polster MD Wael K. Barsoum MD Viktor E. Krebs…

Injuries of the Wrist and Hand Ethan R. Wiesler MD Jian Shen MD Anastasios Papadonikolakis MD Key Points Wrist ligaments are classified as either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic ligaments connect…

Occult Groin Injuries: Athletic Pubalgia, Sports Hernia, and Osteitis Pubis Michael B. Gerhardt MD John A. Brown MD Eric Giza MD Key Points Although most disorders of the groin in…

Snapping Hip Syndrome J.W. Thomas Byrd MD Key Points External coxa saltans is snapping due to the tensor fascia lata and iliotibial band flipping back and forth across the greater…

Extra-Articular Lesions Aaron A. Bare MD Carlos A. Guanche MD Key Points The anatomic and biomechanical considerations involved with these injuries include some of the more complex areas of the…

Intra-Articular Lesions Aaron A. Bare MD Carlos A. Guanche MD Key Points When a pathologic process alters the function of the homeostatic chemical and mechanical forces within the hip joint,…

Hip Arthroscopy Michael H. Dienst MD Key Points Various anatomical features make placement of portals and movement of the arthroscope and instruments within the hip more difficult than in other…

Hip Morphology and Related Pathology J.W. Thomas Byrd MD Key Points Development dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a morphological condition that makes the hip vulnerable to an intra-articular lesion…