Recurrent or Persistent Lower Respiratory Tract Symptoms Peter W. Hiatt Cough and wheeze are common symptoms in children. When they persist or recur, they raise parental and physician concerns that…
Diseases of the Pleura James S. Kemp Terrence W. Carver Jr. STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NORMAL AND INFLAMED PLEURA The embryonic coelomic cavity is lined by mesothelial cells and…
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis Carol L. Rosen ETIOLOGY Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disorder of unknown etiology recognized by the characteristic radiographic appearance of widespread intraalveolar accumulation of calcific concretions….
Chronic Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease in Childhood Iley Browning Claire Langston Chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease in children includes a heterogeneous group of pathologic states characterized by a diffuse inflammatory…
Central Hypoventilation Syndromes Carole L. Marcus Central alveolar hypoventilation is defined as an increase in arterial carbon dioxide tension (greater than 45 mm Hg during wakefulness) due to a decrease…
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Carole L. Marcus Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an important cause of morbidity in children. If left untreated, it can result in cor pulmonale, neurologic…
Pulmonary Hemosiderosis Marianna M. Sockrider Pulmonary hemosiderosis is a rare condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of hemosiderin in the lungs. Deposition of hemosiderin results from bleeding into the lungs…
Cystic Fibrosis Beryl J. Rosenstein Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-shortening genetic disease affecting populations of European origin. The triad of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic exocrine deficiency,…
Laryngeal Disorders Richard J. H. Smith Benjamin B. Cable ANATOMY Anatomic considerations are discussed in Box 234.1. LARYNGOMALACIA Stridor is a high-pitched, musical sound that is produced by airflow turbulence…
