Hand Involvement in Osteoarthritis
Neuropathies augment the clinical problems of degenerative disease of the spine. Spurs growing from vertebral margins adjacent to degenerated discs and from facet borders may narrow the foramina through which…
Clinical Findings in Osteoarthritis (Continued)
Hip Joint Involvement Osteoarthritis of the hip (malum coxae senilis) is a major crippling and painful form of osteoarthritis. Standing and walking often cause severe localized hip pain that may…
Clinical Findings in Osteoarthritis
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS The signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis depend on the joint or joints affected (see Plate 5-22). Most commonly involved are the weight-bearing joints (see Plate 5-23) and small…
Distribution of Joint Involvement in Osteoarthritis
Many factors influence its onset and the speed of joint deterioration, including aging, gender, obesity, heredity, trauma (related to sports or occupation), joint overuse, joint instability, and malalignment. Involved basic…
Sequelae of Juvenile Arthritis
For children with extended oligoarticular or polyarticular subtypes, weekly administration of methotrexate now stands as the first-line drug of choice. Methotrexate, an antimetabolite, may be administered via the oral or…
Ocular Manifestations in Juvenile Arthritis
The histocompatibility of human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is detected in a large percentage of patients in this subgroup. Children should not be included in this subgroup solely because of…
Lower Limb Involvement in Juvenile Arthritis
Ocular involvement of any type is uncommon in patients with the systemic-onset form. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement, including seizures, has been reported but is considered rare. The majority of…
Hand Involvement in Juvenile Arthritis
Rheumatoid Factor–Negative Polyarthritis. Approximately 75% of patients with polyarticular-onset arthritis do not have IgM rheumatoid factor in the serum, and the rheumatoid factor test rarely becomes positive 6 months after…
Systemic Juvenile Arthritis (Continued)
POLYARTICULAR-ONSET ARTHRITIS About 20% to 25% of children with juvenile arthritis exhibit polyarticular onset, which is characterized by involvement of five or more joints and the absence of significant systemic…
Systemic Juvenile Arthritis
In 2004, major changes were made to the classification of children with JIA. Based on expert consensus, children with JIA were subclassified into seven subtypes: oligoarticular (either persistent or extended),…
