Evaluation of Insulin Resistance in Diabetes: Standard Protocol for a Euglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic Clamp Using an Artificial Pancreas

Jul 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Evaluation of Insulin Resistance in Diabetes: Standard Protocol for a Euglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic Clamp Using an Artificial Pancreas

Fig. 15.1 Change in the number of clinical research publications in English regarding the glucose clamp technique, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and/or hyperglycemic clamp, from 1979 to 2014. A PubMed search was…

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Fracture Risk in Diabetes

Jul 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Fracture Risk in Diabetes

Fig. 3.1 Associations between the presence of T2DM and vertebral fractures. The relative risk of vertebral fractures in T2DM patients is significantly higher than that in nondiabetic subjects in both…

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Bone as an Endocrine Organ: Diabetic Bone Disease as a Cause of Endocrine Disorder via Osteocalcin, FGF23 Secreted from Osteocyte/Osteoblast

Jul 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Bone as an Endocrine Organ: Diabetic Bone Disease as a Cause of Endocrine Disorder via Osteocalcin, FGF23 Secreted from Osteocyte/Osteoblast

Fig. 8.1 Diabetes and bone-generated hormone interaction via osteoblast/osteocyte impairment. Several factors associated with diabetes impair osteoblast/osteocyte differentiation and function where FGF23 and osteocalcin were generated. AGEs advanced glycation end…

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Impaired Parathyroid Function and Bone Formation: A Risk for Development of Adynamic Bone Disease to Enhance Vascular Calcification

Jul 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Impaired Parathyroid Function and Bone Formation: A Risk for Development of Adynamic Bone Disease to Enhance Vascular Calcification

Glycemic control HbA1C GA Excellent (HbA1C≤6 %, GA≤18 %) 307 (57.1 %) 152 (28.3 %) Good (6 %<HbA1C≤7 %, 18 %<GA≤21 %) 128 (23.7 %) 106 (19.7 %) Good (7 %<HbA1C≤8 %, 21 %<GA≤24 %) 65 (12.1 %) 84 (15.6 %) Poor (8 %<HbA1C, 24 %<GA) 38 (7.1 %)…

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Overview

Jul 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Overview

Fig. 9.1 The factors that affect to GLUT4 translocation and glucose utilization in the skeletal muscle The working mechanism of insulin resistance is complex, probably involving numerous factors, including defective…

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