Fig. 22.1 A theoretically informed plan to introduce SMS into vocational rehabilitation for those with chronic compensated musculoskeletal disorders The next step would be for the VR to assess the…
• Beliefs about pain. Certain negative beliefs about pain (e.g., pain signifies ongoing tissue damage and some underlying disease; the pain is not going away; pain will increase during any physical…
Fig. 8.1 Trends in musculoskeletal disorder ambulatory services for active-duty military service member from 1997 to 2011 (by rate per 1,000 persons per year) Interventions Explanatory models for chronic pain…
Fig. 13.1 Relationship between job demands and worker’s capabilities and limitations within a work system (Dempsey et al., 2000) Fig. 13.2 Applications or interventions having an impact on successful job…
• Smythe (1972): diagnostic criteria from clinical studies Obligatory criteria 1. Subjective aching of 3 months or longer 2. Subjective stiffness of 3 months or longer 3. Local point tenderness 4. Point tenderness in two…
Fig. 11.1 Pain experience and behavior from a psychological perspective (Linton, 2005) Learning processes are intricate and complicated, and they may occur at physiological, emotional, cognitive, as well as behavioral…
Clinical issues • Has the pain persisted for 3 months or longer despite appropriate interventions and in the absence of progressive disease? • Does the patient report nonanatomical changes in sensation (e.g.,…
Major criteria Minor criteria Localized spontaneous pain Reproduction of spontaneously perceived pain and altered sensations by pressure on the TrP Spontaneous pain or altered sensations in the expected referred area…
Nerve Sensory dermatome Muscle and function Deep tendon reflex C3 Anterior and posterior neck Sternocleidomastoid (lateral neck flexion) C4 Shoulder Levator scapula (shrugging) C5 Lateral arm to elbow Deltoid (arm…
