Renal Basis of Hyperuricemia
Key Points • Approximately 90% of cases of hyperuricemia are caused by uric acid underexcretion from the kidneys. In addition, renal hypouricemia is caused by increased renal uric acid excretion….
Key Points • Approximately 90% of cases of hyperuricemia are caused by uric acid underexcretion from the kidneys. In addition, renal hypouricemia is caused by increased renal uric acid excretion….
Key Points • Purine nucleotide synthesis and degradation form a crucial metabolic pathway for cell integrity and reproduction. • Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase superactivity, a rare X chromosome–linked disorder, causes juvenile…
Key Points • Serum urate levels are highly heritable and principally determined by the fractional excretion of uric acid in the kidney. The heritability of gout remains to be properly…
Key Points • Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (or cyclooxygenase-2–selective coxibs), systemic oral corticosteroids (prednisone or prednisolone), and colchicine are the primary therapy options for an acute gout attack. However, there…
Key Points • The identification of monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals in synovial fluid or tissue biopsy samples is central to the definitive diagnosis of gout…
Key Points • The aspiration of a joint with undiagnosed arthritis, or analysis of a tissue biopsy with subsequent visualization of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, is considered the diagnostic standard…
Key Points • Tophi are macroaggregates of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and in most tissues are formed as granulomas with cellular content that includes phagocytes, mast cells, B- and T-lymphocytes,…