Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 10.1 Deformities of the toe The etiology of a hammer toe deformity is often multifactorial and may be associated with hallux valgus, trauma, inflammatory arthritis, flexor digitorum longus (FDL)…

Fig. 2.1 Standing radiograph revealing post-traumatic tibiotalar arthritis Achieving arthrodesis depends not only on surgical technique but also on the patient’s biology. Healing after arthrodesis involves initiation of the acute…

Study # of feet Study type Joint preparation technique Fixation Functional improvement Union rate Bennett GL and Sabetta J [45] 233 Prospective Cup-and-cone manual Dorsal locking plate AOFAS: 51 ➔ 84 3/233…

Fig. 7.1 Schon’s clinical stages of the degree of deformity are based on physical examination. In stage (b), the midtarsus is coplanar with the metatarsocalcaneal plane. In stage (a), the…

Fig. 6.1 Axial CT scan of a left foot demonstrating the Roman arch configuration of the tarsometatarsal complex at the level of the cuneiforms. The rigid transverse bony arch provides…

and Christopher P. Chiodo1   (1) Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA     Christopher P. Chiodo Email: jsmith42@partners.org KeywordsAnkleTibiotalarArthrodesisFusionOpenArthritisEnd-stageUnionNonunionComplications Background Ankle arthrodesis, also referred to as ankle fusion, is a…

Fig. 8.1 Reverse Coleman block test . The block is place under the first metatarsal head, (a) and the block height is adjusted until the heel valgus is corrected (b)…

Fig. 5.1 (a) Forefoot varus exists when the calcaneus is held vertical and the medial border of the foot is raised relative to the lateral border. (b) Forefoot valgus exists…

Fig. 3.1 Preoperative radiographs demonstrating ankle and subtalar arthritis with a 20-degree varus ankle deformity Fig. 3.2 Postoperative radiographs demonstrating a tibiotalocalcaneal fusion with a fusion nail Case 2 A…

Fig. 4.1 Double arthrodesis performed with screw fixation. This 77-year-old male patient underwent arthrodesis for an advanced flatfoot deformity with arthritic change. (a) Anteroposterior and (b) lateral views of the…