Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Hand and Wrist
Hand The human hand is the athlete’s tactile connection to his or her sport. Our hands are virtually linked to every sport via a handle, a stick, a glove, or…
Loss of Elbow Motion
Acute and chronic disorders of the elbow are frequently observed in both recreational and professional athletes, particularly athletes who participate in sports that involve throwing. Although clinicians most frequently evaluate…
Entrapment Neuropathies of the Arm, Elbow, and Forearm
Peripheral compressive neuropathies, also known as entrapment neuropathies, may result from mechanical compression of the nerve by an anatomic structure, extrinsic mass, fluid imbalance, or inflammatory process. Beyond a critical…
Glenohumeral Joint Imaging
Conventional Radiography Conventional radiography is and should be the initial imaging examination performed for a patient presenting with shoulder pain. Although radiographs provide limited evaluation of the rotator cuff and…
Elbow Arthroscopy
Since their introduction in 1922, arthroscopic and endoscopic techniques have revolutionized orthopaedic treatment. Their utility in the shoulder and knee is well described, but widespread application of arthroscopic techniques in…
Elbow Tendinopathies and Bursitis
Lateral and medial epicondylitis are common elbow tendinopathies involving tendon origins that most commonly present in middle age. These entities are typically self-limited, with a multitude of conservative and operative…
Rotator Cuff and Impingement Lesions
Historical Perspective A description of rotator cuff pathology is found in the earliest surgical text, the Edwin Smith Papyrus (ca. 1500 bce ). Subsequently, throughout ancient and modern history, multiple…
Distal Biceps and Triceps Tendon Ruptures
Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture In 1941, Dobbie was the first to report the results of surgical reattachment of the distal biceps tendon. He recommended routine tenodesis of the biceps to…
Elbow Imaging
Evaluation of elbow injuries in athletes begins with conventional radiographs. Standard radiographic views of the elbow include anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique projections ( Fig. 63-1 ). The anteroposterior and oblique…
Elbow Diagnosis and Decision Making
Overview of Pathologies The key to diagnosing elbow injuries involves performing a thorough history and physical examination of the elbow. Additionally, to rule out referred pain, the surrounding areas such…
