Musculoskeletal Key

Fig. 3.1 Anteroposterior shoulder radiograph. While achieving anteroposterior shoulder X-ray in neutral position, the patient is erect or in supine position. Central X-ray should be directed to 2.5 cm inferior…

Fig. 6.1 Standard operating room 6.1.2 Patient Table and Apparatus The patient table should be located in the centre of the operating room and immediately below the room lighting system….

Fig. 4.1 Neer’s impingement 4.2 Hawkins-Kennedy Impingement Test This test is used to evaluate impingement of the subacromial bursa and rotator cuff. The test can be applied with the patient…

Fig. 1.1 Superficial muscles around the shoulder joint In the right shoulder region, the skin and superficial fascial structures have been removed to present a wide view of the muscles…

Fig. 2.1 (a) Arthroscopic evaluation with the posterior portal (b) Glenoid, labrum and humeral head By turning the camera viewing angle to the glenoid, it is attempted to understand whether…

Fig. 7.1 Bony landmarks. (a) First the spina scapula, and the posterolateral and anterolateral corners of the acromion are identified. (b) In order, the spina scapula, acromion posterolateral corner, the…

Fig. 5.1 Post limb (black thread) and loop limb (red thread) Interference: The relationship between the loops of the knot and the loops of the post limb. This is a…