RHEUMATOLOGY

Aging and Post-Traumatic Arthritis

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Aging and Post-Traumatic Arthritis

Fig. 14.1 Systemic aging changes that could contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, including post-traumatic OA. Reprinted with permission from HSS Journal 2012; 8:19 Relationship Between Age and the Development…

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The Response of the Subchondral Bone to Injury

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on The Response of the Subchondral Bone to Injury

Fig. 12.1 Histologic cross section of a normal knee joint (Courtesy of Edward DiCarlo, MD, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY) Under physiological conditions, the subchondral bone adapts its…

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Genetic Variability in the Response to Injury

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Genetic Variability in the Response to Injury

First author Year Mouse strain Phenotype Outcome Reference Fitzgerald 2008 MRL/MpJ Knee articular cartilage defects, ear wounds Able to heal full-thickness knee articular cartilage defects, able to heal 2-mm ear…

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The Response of Cartilage to Injury

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on The Response of Cartilage to Injury

Fig. 11.1 Toluidine blue staining of a cartilage biopsy specimen overlying a bone bruise harvested from an ACL-injured patient before ACL reconstruction (from [6]). This specimen was histologically graded as…

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Potential Mechanisms of PTA: Cell Death

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on Potential Mechanisms of PTA: Cell Death

Fig. 15.1 Overview of cell death-related pathways. Extrinsic apoptosis involving death receptors and extracellular ligands leads to the activation of caspases. Inhibition of caspases is mediated by various molecules including…

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In Vitro Cartilage Explant Injury Models

Nov 27, 2016 by in RHEUMATOLOGY Comments Off on In Vitro Cartilage Explant Injury Models

Fig. 4.1 A load-controlled test apparatus to apply single or cyclic loads to multiple cartilage specimens. (A) Pneumatic air pistons to load the explants. (B) Piston rod with flat-bottom, cylindrical,…

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