Chapter 2 Skeletal muscle function in older people Walter R. Frontera, Ana Rodriguez Zayas and Natividad Rodriguez Chapter contents Introduction Motor unit Muscle strength Physiology of muscle weakness Speed of…
Chapter 11 The aging immune system Kanwal Razzaq and Gordon Dickinson Chapter contents Introduction Innate and acquired immunity T and B lymphocytes Immune function changes and risks of infection Risks…
Chapter 4 Effects of age on joints and ligaments Brian J. Eckenrode Chapter contents Introduction Joints and ligaments Cartilage Conclusion References Introduction The older adult exhibits specific joint and ligamentous…
Chapter 3 Effects of aging on bone Douglas J. Digirolamo, Emily L. Germain-Lee and Jay Shapiro Chapter contents Introduction Bone structure Bone remodeling Age-Related changes in bone Future directions Conclusion…
Chapter 8 Effects of aging on the digestive system Ronni Chernoff Chapter contents Introduction Nutritional requirements in aging Age and the gi tract Dietary management of malnutrition Conclusion References Introduction…
A 45-year-old ex-ballerina presents with a painful great toe and dorsal swelling as shown in Figure 14.1. 1 This patient had virtually no movement at her MTP joint. What terms…
A young woman gives birth in midsummer to a daughter. It is immediately evident that the child has severe deformities of both feet (Fig. 1.1). 1 What is the approximate…
A 72-year-old lady presents to the clinic concerned that she was walking on the outside of her foot. Clinical examination shows that she has a chronically discharging leg sinus (Fig….
A normal-looking woman complains that she repeatedly sprains her ankles. Examination reveals that she has marked pes planus and valgus hindfeet (Fig. 42.1). She has extremely flexible fingers, wrists, knees…
