Washington state’s public workers’ compensation system has had a formal process for developing and implementing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines since 2007. Collaborating with the Industrial Insurance Medical Advisory Committee and…

Andrew S. Friedman, MD, Editor Gary M. Franklin, MD, MPH, Editor

Gregory T. Carter, MD, MS, Editor I want to extend my sincerest thanks to the editors of this issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America , Drs…

Key points • Noninvasive brain stimulation is typically paired with unilateral therapies of the upper limb. • Many recent clinical trials have failed to augment rehabilitative outcomes, especially for patients…

There has been remarkable growth in the development and application of robotics to ameliorate or remediate impairment. This growth is associated with a) the understanding that plasticity is a fundamental…

This article reviews the most common therapeutic and neuroprosthetic applications of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for upper and lower extremity stroke rehabilitation. Fundamental NMES principles and purposes in stroke rehabilitation…

Communication and swallowing disorders are common after stroke. Targeted surveillance followed by prompt evaluation and treatment is of paramount importance. The overall goals of rehabilitation for impaired swallowing and communication…

This review covers the rationale, mechanisms, and availability of commercially available virtual environment-based interventions for stroke rehabilitation. It describes interventions for motor, speech, cognitive, and sensory dysfunction. Also discussed are…

Key points • The split-belt paradigm can be used to examine motor learning or potentially as a rehabilitation intervention after stroke. • After stroke, patients retain the ability to adapt…