Thermal Treatment, Sutures, Knots, and Bone Anchors Robert A. Pedowitz MD, PhD Key Points Arthroscopic methods for shoulder surgery offer superior visualization and open the door for complex procedures with…

Adhesive Capsulitis Scott P. Fischer MD Serge Kaska MD Key Points True shoulder stiffness is the loss of passive range of motion in the shoulder. Many patients who complain of…

Cartilage Carlos A. Guanche MD Key Points Full-thickness articular cartilage defects have a limited capacity to heal. Thus, articular cartilage lesions and osteochondral defects in any joint present a challenging…

The Rotator Cuff Richard K.N. Ryu MD Graham R. Hurvitz MD Key Points The majority of symptomatic rotator cuff disease patients respond to a nonoperative program emphasizing the restoration of…

Shoulder Labral Tears and Instability George F. (RICK) Hatch III MD John G. Costouros MD Peter J. Millett MD, MSC Jon J.P. Warner MD Key Points The goal of therapeutic…

Shoulder Impingement James Patrick Tasto MD John K. Locke MD Key Points In clinical frequency, shoulder pain is exceeded only by low back pain and neck pain. The most common…

Shoulder Anatomy and Biomechanics Dawn L. Swarm MD Andrew T. Mahar MS Derek W. Weichel BS Robert A. Pedowitz MD, Phd Key Points The shoulder complex is composed of three…

Functional Spinal Rehabilitation Lorraine Hendry BSc(PT), MCPA, FCAMT Key Points Low back pain affects up to 80% of the population at least once in their lifetime. The term core stabilization…

Scapulothoracic Dysfunction, Burners, Stingers, Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, and Miscellaneous Nerve Injuries Marc R. Safran MD Anthony C. Luke MD, MPH Key Points The scapula is a triangular, flat bone that…

Head Injuries and Concussion Andrew D. Pearle MD Ronnie Barnes ATC Russell F. Warren MD Key Points Traumatic events can lead to both primary injuries [e.g., scalp lacerations, intracranial bleeds,…