Introduction Nerve injuries in children are relatively uncommon; however, children tend to put their hands in all sorts of unexpected places with sharp objects. Garbage disposals, conveyer belts, and dishwashers…

Introduction Intentional physical abuse to children is a grotesque act that no one likes to diagnose. This phenomenon accounts for 20% of all child abuse and neglect cases, which encompass…

Clavicle Relevant Anatomy The clavicle, or collar bone, is an S -shaped bone anterior to the base of the neck. Through articulations with the sternum medially and with the scapula…

Introduction Nonphyseal fractures of the tibia and fibula are among the most common injuries involving the lower extremities in children and adolescents. ∗ ∗ They are second only to fractures…

Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Eric C. McCarty and Dr. Gregory A. Mencio for their contributions to the previous version of this chapter. Introduction The…

Introduction: Scope and Purpose The evolution of the treatment of pediatric femoral fractures has paralleled societal changes and expectations in the delivery of health care. Historically, clinicians were content to…

Introduction Children with multiple injuries present unusually stressful challenges to their families and the multidisciplinary medical and surgical teams that care for them. The goal of the acute care of…

Acknowledgment The author would like to acknowledge and thank Robert N. Hensinger, MD, for his contributions to the previous versions of this chapter. Vascular Injuries Arterial Injuries Fifty-eight percent of…

Acknowledgment The authors would like to acknowledge and thank Dr. Manoj Ramachandran for his contributions to the previous version of this chapter. Introduction Preservation of the structure and function of…

Introduction Pathologic fractures occur in diseased bone, and, in children, such fractures are caused by a spectrum of conditions different from those in adults. Children’s diseases frequently associated with pathologic…