Fig. 18.1 Anatomy of the superior shoulder suspensory ring Treatment of this injury is controversial, but fractures with minimal displacement, <5 mm in the scapula and up to 10 mm…

Fig. 29.1 Natural history of pediatric hematogenous osteomyelitis of the tibial metaphysis. (a) The infection begins in the metaphysis, forming an intraosseous abscess that (b) decompresses through the thin metaphyseal…

Fig. 25.1 (a) Normal lateral C-spine X-ray showing anterior spinal line, posterior spinal line, and spinolaminar line. (b) C-spine X-ray after trauma. Note break in posterior spinal line indicating C4–C5…

Fig. 44.1 (a) X-ray of GSW of the knee and (b) metal pellets and plastic casing retrieved only after the second debridement because of insufficient initial incisions. (Courtesy of Tomoaki…

Fig. 9.1 Patients arrive at the hospital or clinic by many different means. (a) This patient was picked up on an unlit street after being run over in Kabul. His…

Fig. 38.1 Extremely tight swaddling, in which the hips are forcefully maintained in extension and adduction, increases the risk of DDH. This infant is from the Amazon region of Ecuador,…

Fig. 7.1 (a) Instruments are jumbled together in a pan for washing and (b) dumped on the table without regard for preserving the sharp cutting edges or preventing them from…

Fig. 37.1 Examples of (a) genu varum and (b) “windswept” limb deformities Limb bowing can be generalized or focal. The differential diagnosis of the cause of genu varum or genu…

Congenital limb deficiencies Features Treatment options Femoral deficiencies Congenital short femur (femoral length >50% of normal side) If congenital short femur, then lengthen femur (or shorten contralateral femur) Proximal femoral…

Fig. 40.1 (a) Ambulatory patient with spastic diplegia requires only a stick or pole for balance. (b) In contrast, a boy with spastic quadriplegia is barely able to crawl and…