, André Costa6, 7  , Pedro Pessoa8 and C. Niek Van Dijk9 (1) Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal (2) Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal (3) Department…

Fig. 57.1 (a) Arthroscopic views showing extensive OC defect on medial femoral condyle of the knee. (b) Blood coming out of microfracture holes bringing MSCs upon tourniquet opening Since the…

Fig. 58.1 A fibrin clot derived from bone marrow was inserted into the joint with a grasper Fig. 58.2 The fibrin clot was placed into the defect in the meniscus…

Fig. 43.1 A 21-year-old military with pain in both legs which increase with gait (a), left tibia periostitis with (b) positive scintigraphy, and (c) CT scan bone reaction (Courtesy of…

   Clinical history Physical exam US MRI Treatment Initial acute phase Immediate X X  Could be made anytime Rest Ice Compression Elevation Analgesia 12 h  X X 24 h  X…

Fig. 17.1 Hyaluronic acid-based scaffold (Hyalofast, Anika Therapeutics, Padova, Italy) The cells harvested from the patient are expanded and then seeded onto the scaffold to create the tissue-engineered product Hyalograft…

Fig. 31.1 Articular partial tear Fig. 31.2 Long head of the biceps (LHB) tenosynovitis and fraying associated to biceps Instability. At the subacromial space, a careful but complete bursectomy should…

Fig. 55.1 The biopsychosocial model [27, 28] The process starts with an injury. Injury characteristics (type, cause and severity, history of previous injuries) and athlete characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic…

Fig. 20.1 Cam-type impingement. (a) Cam deformity as seen on CT scan; note prominence of anterior femoral neck (arrow); (b and c) cam deformity best evidenced on axial view (α…

Fig. 23.1 (a) CT scan with bilateral spondylolysis (b) lateral radiographic study with L5-S1 spondylolisthesis 23.4.3 Proposed Imaging Protocol Lumbar radiographs (anteroposterior, lateral and both oblique views) If negative: MRI…