Modifiable risk factors Non-modifiable risk factors Body mass index Gender Muscle strength Age Pretraining fitness level Ethnicity Nutrition factors Lower extremity morphology Menstrual dysfunctions Genetics Muscle fatigue Previous injury history…

Fig. 8.1 aPosteroanterior and b lateral radiographs of the forearm with ulnar stress fracture All the stress fractures described in the two studies were treated nonoperatively. The patients with complete…

Fig. 7.1 Percent distribution of body areas injured in sports by gender [5] Orthopedic injuries are the leading cause of disability for the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps,…

Fig. 3.1 US Army hospitalization rates for disease and non-battle injuries during deployment compared to battle injuries from World War II (WWII) through Bosnia. (Adapted from Jones et al. [6]) While…

Fig. 12.1 Seated position of pilot during flight Operating aircraft controls often requires frequent trunk rotation and lateral bending and maintenance of pelvic retroversion with notable differences between specific aircrafts…

Fig. 10.1 Rates of knee injury in active duty Army, 2000–2005: stratified by prior knee injury status (Rate per 1000 soldiers may fall in more than one category per year)…