Stephen G. George, Firoz Miyanji, and Harry L. Shufflebarger Summary Posterior spinal fusion utilizing segmental pedicle screws and multilevel Ponte osteotomy has become the standard in the surgical treatment…
Umesh S. Metkar, Garrett R. Leonard, William F. Lavelle, Burt Yaszay, and Baron S. Lonner Summary Double and triple curves (Lenke types 3, 4, and 6) are the rarest…
Joshua M. Pahys, Mark F. Abel, and Lawrence G. Lenke Summary The ability to achieve balanced shoulders after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has proven to be challenging,…
Peter O. Newton and Vidyadhar V. Upasani Summary The right main thoracic (MT) curve pattern is the prototypic scoliotic deformity seen in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This chapter addresses…
Michael P. Kelly, Ronald A. Lehman Jr., and Munish C. Gupta Summary All-posterior treatment of pediatric spinal deformity, including adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), is now used for the most…
Daniel J. Sucato Summary Selective fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a technique in which either the thoracic or the thoracolumbar/lumbar curves are fused when there is an associated…
Steven W. Hwang, Amer F. Samdani, and David H. Clements III Summary The goal of surgical correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is to provide an optimally balanced spine…
Suken A. Shah and David H. Clements III Summary Posterior correction of the three-dimensional deformity of idiopathic scoliosis requires selection of levels to instrument, appropriate placement of anchors that…
Keith Bachmann and Peter O. Newton Summary Anterior release and fusion of the spine is an important technique for pediatric spine surgeons. While infrequently employed, the release or removal…
Walter Klyce and Paul D. Sponseller Summary Halo traction can be a powerful preoperative, perioperative, or intraoperative tool to aid in the correction of scoliotic curves. Pre- or perioperative…
