Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the most common acquired myopathy in people older than 50 years. IBM typically presents with distal upper extremity weakness accompanied by proximal lower extremity muscle…
Recent advances have increased the understanding of the pathogenesis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Clearly, the pathogenesis is complex, and adaptive (eg, autoimmune) and innate and nonimmune pathways play a role…
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders predominantly affecting skeletal muscles, resulting in muscle inflammation and weakness. The 3 most common inflammatory myopathies are polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis…
Osteoporosis-related fractures are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure worldwide. The low sensitivity of bone density testing alone to predict fractures has led to the development of…
Teriparitide (TPD) is a novel anabolic agent that stimulates bone formation. TPD reduces risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fracture. Due to its positive effects on bone formation, many new uses…
Denosumab (Prolia) is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), which interferes with the formation, activation, and survival of osteoclasts. It was approved…
During the past year several review articles have been published on the topic of osteoporosis in men. These reviews have highlighted recommendations for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) in older…
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis, and fractures are the most frequent adverse effects of this medication. Glucocorticoids have several direct and indirect adverse effects…
As populations age, the number of osteoporotic fractures will increase. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement remains the major way to diagnose osteoporosis and to indicate therapy. The FRAX tool, based…
Bisphosphonates reduce the risk of major osteoporotic fractures and are the most commonly used medications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Although these medications are well tolerated and safe…
