Abstract Joint aspiration/injection and synovial fluid (SF) analysis are both invaluable procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of joint disease. This chapter addresses (1) the indications, technical principles, expected benefits…
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an auto-immune disease, primarily affecting young females. Pregnancy in a woman with SLE remains a high-risk situation with higher maternal and foetal mortality and…
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with several forms of pulmonary hypertension. It can cause pulmonary hypertension through pulmonary thromboembolic disease, left heart disease and lung disease as well as…
Abstract Among the 12 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-related central nervous system (CNS) syndromes defined by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), demyelinating syndrome and myelopathy are two of the less…
Abstract Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) encompasses a wide range of dermatologic manifestations, which may or may not be associated with the development of systemic disease. Cutaneous lupus is divided into…
Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterised by abnormal autoantibody production and clearance. This immunological background has been suggested to play a role in the susceptibility…
Abstract Objective This chapter aims to evaluate current knowledge of the burden of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on individual patients, with a particular focus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL),…
Abstract Paediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is usually more severe than its adult counterpart. In particular, there is a higher incidence of renal and central nervous system involvement. Specific measures…
Abstract In recent years the use of biologic therapies in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has increased, and a number of clinical trials have highlighted both the potential…
Abstract Adherence is defined as “the extent to which a person’s behaviour coincides with medical or health advice.” Poor adherence to therapeutic regimens is a common and expensive problem in…
