Musculoskeletal Key

Introduction Mutilation of a hand implies a serious injury has occurred, leading to damage of multiple tissues and rendering the hand significantly dysfunctional. Although many definitions exist for a mutilated…

Introduction The elbow joint is uniquely designed to allow flexion and extension between the distal humerus and the ulna. Although the radial head does articulate with the capitellum, the uniaxial…

Introduction Carpal dislocations constitute a small group of injuries to the wrist. Compared to distal radius fractures and the less common scaphoid fractures, they are rare injuries. This is probably…

Introduction Adult traumatic pan-brachial plexus injury (BPI) results in an immediate loss of function of the patient’s shoulder, arm, and hand and has lifelong after-effects on the patient’s physical, mental,…

Introduction Scaphoid malunions and nonunions are common complications of scaphoid fractures. The main risk factors for scaphoid nonunion are delay in diagnosis, fracture displacement, fracture location, and the tenuous blood…

Introduction In this multiauthor chapter, we discuss the many aspects of etiology, natural history, assessment, classification, and treatment of Kienböck’s disease. This disease is also called lunatomalacia or avascular necrosis…

Introduction The wrist is not an easy articulation to understand. The fact that its underlying bony structure and intrinsic mechanics are hard to visualize or imagine from the outside (as…

Introduction Carpal fractures account for approximately 18% of fractures of the hand, and between 60% and 85% of them are injuries to the scaphoid. The incidence of other carpal fractures…

Introduction Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are one of the most common fractures of the human body. Surgery is appealing to surgeons, and great results have been presented in the literature….

History of wrist arthroscopy; excisional operations to repair and reconstruction Arthroscopy was established initially in Japan by Professor Kenji Takagi of the University of Tokyo. In 1918, Professor Takagi inspected…