The field of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) is primarily devoted to the clinical evaluation and treatment of disabling consequences to those individuals who have illness, injury, infirmity, or deformity…
Disability is a significant public health and social issue in the United States. The number of Americans who experience disability, activity limitations secondary to chronic illnesses, or impairments has increased,…
Rehabilitation has been defined as a process of assessment, goal setting, intervention, and reassessment. This iterative rehabilitative process is consistent with the World Health Organization’s framework for measuring health and…
A wide range of communication and swallowing disorders result from neurologic injury. This chapter provides the physiatrist with a broad overview of some of the impairments that result from acquired…
Abstract Biologics serve a unique role in the management of musculoskeletal oncology. While most of the field of biologics in orthopedic surgery focuses on injury repair, biologics in oncology can…
Abstract Delayed healing and nonunion remain significant clinical issues in fracture care. The field of biologic augmentation (orthobiologics) has been developed to help solve this problem. Orthobiologics rely on the…
Abstract The subchondral bone is a key component of the osteochondral unit as it provides mechanical and biological support for the overlying articular cartilage. It has the capability to undergo…
Abstract Peripheral nerve injuries are known to have devastating impact on a patient’s quality of life. These injuries can occur after high-impact activities, traumatic injuries, or motor vehicle accidents. When…
Abstract Osteoarthritis has emerged as one of the major public health problems with a burden of disease that significantly affects the world’s aging population. Osteoarthritis is a progressive degeneration of…
Abstract An estimated 200,000 spinal fusion are performed in the United States on annually for a large range of pathologic conditions. The goal of spinal fusion is to restore or…
