Gender-Specific Issues and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Moira M. McCarthy Elizabeth Cody Jo A. Hannafin INTRODUCTION Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common problem in female adolescent athletes playing cutting,…
Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics Carl W. Imhauser The knee joint allows motion in all planes based on a complicated interaction between passive constraints including bones and soft tissues and the…
Epidemiology of Pediatric and Adolescent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Peter D. Fabricant Emily R. Dodwell Robert G. Marx INTRODUCTION There has been an increased interest in pediatric and adolescent anterior…
There is a large and heterogeneous group of acquired disorders that have been grouped together collectively as inflammatory muscle diseases. Common clinical diagnoses are polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis….
Skeletal muscles not only use glycogen but also lipid as a source of energy. The oxidation of lipids occurs in the mitochondria and involves a series of enzymatic reactions (…
In addition to the many inherited disorders already described in this book, nerves and muscles can be affected by a wide range of drugs and toxins. Some drug-related myopathies, such…
There have been major advances in the understanding of the underlying causes of the various myasthenic syndromes, all of which involve abnormalities related to the neuromuscular junction ( Fig. 21.1…
Introduction A vacuole is a membrane-bound area of a muscle fibre that may contain various cellular components or enzymes. The type and function of a vacuole vary, and the properties…
Action potentials in muscle, initiated by depolarization by a nerve impulse and depolarization of the muscle fibre, require the rapid movement of inorganic ions through transmembrane ion channels. The action…
There has been a dramatic increase in the understanding of disorders that affect the metabolism of muscle, particularly with regard to their biochemistry and molecular basis. A large number of…
