Applications of Implant-Mediated Guided Growth in Pediatric Knee Surgery Jonathan D. Haskel Yong-Woon Shin Daniel W. Green PRINCIPLES Lower extremity angular alignment changes predictably under physiologic conditions during early human…
Surgical Treatment of Growth Arrest Lauren E. LaMont Emily R. Dodwell OVERVIEW Growth arrest typically occurs due to some traumatic insult to the physis. Multiple etiologies may cause this insult…
Assessment of Growth Remaining in the Skeletally Immature Patient James F. Mooney III INTRODUCTION Assessment of growth remaining in the long bones of children and adolescents is of great importance…
Diagnostic Imaging of the Physis Shari T. Jawetz Parina H. Shah Hollis G. Potter Physeal injuries are common in the pediatric population and injury can impart significant morbidity, with the…
Growth Plate Anatomy Hannah-Noemi Ladenhauf Gerd Seitlinger THE DEVELOPMENT OF BONE During fetal development, three distinct ways of differentiation of the skeleton have been described. Somites, bilaterally paired blocks of…
Patellar Sleeve Fractures Sarah Hobart Benton E. Heyworth INTRODUCTION Patella fractures are relatively rare in the skeletally immature, comprising only 1% to 6% of all patella fractures in all ages.1,2…
Salter-Harris Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia Fractures Lauren E. Lamont Matthew R. Garner Roger F. Widmann INTRODUCTION Knee injuries in adolescents commonly result in fractures of either the distal femoral…
Tibial Spine/Anterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fractures Overview Technique Suture Itai Gans Theodore J. Ganley TREATMENT It is important to review and know the Meyers and McKeever classification system for tibial…
Tibial Spine Avulsion Fractures: Overview and Arthroscopic Technique for Internal Fixation with Cannulated Screws Benedict U. Nwachukwu Daniel W. Green INTRODUCTION Children and adolescents are increasingly involved in competitive sporting…
Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fractures in Children and Adolescents Benedict U. Nwachukwu Ryan C. Rauck Shevaun M. Doyle INTRODUCTION Tibial tubercle fractures are uncommon injuries that most frequently occur during maximal…
