Peripheral Neuropathies Julie Thorne Parke Involvement of the peripheral nerves may occur in a variety of different disorders, including systemic diseases, infections, and poisonings. In addition, degeneration of the peripheral…
Disorders of the Anterior Horn Cell Julie Thorne Parke The anterior horn cells may be involved selectively in a number of acquired and inherited diseases. Certain viruses, particularly poliomyelitis, demonstrate…
Reye Syndrome Penelope Terhune Louis Reye syndrome, first described in 1963, is an acute, life-threatening, postinfectious, metabolic encephalopathy that affects predominantly school-aged children, occasionally infants, and rarely adults. Over the…
The Comatose Child James Owens Daniel G. Glaze DEFINITION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Coma is not a specific disorder, but a sign of central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. It may be caused…
Febrile Seizures Marvin A. Fishman Febrile seizures are a worldwide problem and occur in 2% to 4% of children younger than 5 years of age. In some populations, the incidence…
Status Epilepticus Kevin Chapman Daniel G. Glaze Status epilepticus (SE) may be defined classically as seizure activity that lasts longer than 30 minutes or repeated seizures between which the child…
Cerebrovascular Disease in Childhood Bradley L. Schlaggar Andrew J. Kornberg Arthur L. Prensky Cerebrovascular disease can be divided broadly into two primary pathophysiologic processes: occlusion and hemorrhage. In occlusive vascular…
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Marvin A. Fishman Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a syndrome in which increased intracranial pressure (ICP) occurs in patients who have no history of an acute insult to…
Static Encephalopathy Timothy E. Lotze Static encephalopathy is a syndrome of abnormal motor functions and postural mechanisms caused by nonprogressive abnormalities of the developing brain. The term encompasses a heterogenous…
