Relevance and Limitations of Manual Muscle Testing
Chapter 2 Relevance and Limitations of Manual Muscle Testing Introduction The Examiner and the Value of the Muscle Test Influence of the Patient on the Test Use of Manual Muscle…
Upper Extremity Splints and Casts
Chapter 13 Upper Extremity Splints and Casts Figure-of-8 splint Overview 1. Figure-of-8 splints are used primarily for fractures about the clavicle. 2. Figure-of-8 splints are commercially prepared devices intended to…
Lower Extremity Splints and Casts
Chapter 14 Lower Extremity Splints and Casts Hip spica cast Overview 1. The hip spica cast is one of the most difficult casts to apply. 2. The hip spica cast…
Basics of Splinting and Casting
Chapter 12 Basics of Splinting and Casting Basic principles First, Do No Harm 1. Make sure that the potential complications of applying and maintaining a cast or splint are less…
Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Reduction
Chapter 10 Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Reduction Forearm fractures Overview 1. Fractures of both bones of the forearm (Figure 10-1) should be reduced anatomically (except in children younger than 12…
Shoulder and Elbow Reduction
Chapter 9 Shoulder and Elbow Reduction Clavicle fracture Overview 1. Most clavicle fractures require no reduction. 2. Closed reductions cannot be maintained and should not be attempted. Indications for Use…
Pelvis and Lower Extremity Reduction
Chapter 11 Pelvis and Lower Extremity Reduction Pelvis reduction Overview 1. Application of a pelvic binder is a key step in the initial management of an unstable pelvic fracture. 2….
Basic Principles of Reduction Maneuvers
Chapter 8 Basic Principles of Reduction Maneuvers The three-point principle 1. Diaphyseal fractures (Figure 8-1, A): a. The primary reductive force should be applied against the apex of the fracture….
Femoral Skeletal Traction
Chapter 15 Femoral Skeletal Traction Overview Femoral traction is accomplished with placement of a pin across the distal femur and attachment to a pulley system secured to the bed. Indications…
Tibial Skeletal Traction
Chapter 16 Tibial Skeletal Traction Overview Tibial traction is accomplished with placement of a pin across the proximal tibial metadiaphysis and attachment to a pulley system secured to the bed….
