Hip and Femur

Sep 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Hip and Femur

A Ossification of proximal femur This sequence shows ossification in the normal child. Redrawn from Tönnis (1984). Growth of the upper femur occurs not only in the capital epiphysis and…

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Foot

Sep 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Foot

A Fetal foot development The limb bud appears by about 4 weeks of gestation and the foot is well formed by about 7 weeks. B Foot growth Dimeglio charts show…

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Spine and Pelvis

Sep 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Spine and Pelvis

A Mild truncal asymmetry These mild asymmetries are variations of normal, do not require treatment, and cause no disability. Normal Development The axial system develops during the embryonic period. Embryo…

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Upper Limb

Sep 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Upper Limb

A Congenital anomalies Limb deficiencies (yellow arrow) and Poland anomaly (absence of the sternal head of the pectoralis – red arrow) are caused by a failure of vascular ingrowth during…

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Evaluation

Sep 3, 2016 by in MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Evaluation

A Diagnosis Evaluation requires integration of clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings. Establishing Rapport The goal is to reduce the fear in the child and establish confidence with the parents and…

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