Neural Scarring
CHAPTER 104 Neural Scarring David W. Chow INTRODUCTION Of the myriad causes of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), neural scarring has been reported to be the cause of failed back…
Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management Implantation Techniques
CHAPTER 30 Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management Implantation Techniques Giancarlo Barolat INTRODUCTION The fact that electricity might beneficially affect painful conditions has been known since antiquity.1–4 Spinal cord…
Fusion – Minimally Invasive Techniques
CHAPTER 132 Fusion – Minimally Invasive Techniques Hoang Le, Issada Thongtrangan, Daniel H. Kim INTRODUCTION Minimally invasive spinal surgery strives to achieve the goals of surgery while minimizing the iatrogenic…
Side Effects and Complications of Injection Procedures: Anticipation and Management
CHAPTER 20 Side Effects and Complications of Injection Procedures: Anticipation and Management Kenneth P. Botwin, Lee Ann Brown, Durgadas Sakalkale, Robert Savarese INTRODUCTION This chapter will focus on reviewing the…
Return to Competition Following Prolonged Injury
CHAPTER 130 Return to Competition Following Prolonged Injury Brian Krabak, Evan Minkoff INTRODUCTION Athletes can experience a variety of spinal injuries depending upon the nature of the sporting activity. Most…
Secondary Bone Tumors
CHAPTER 42 Secondary Bone Tumors Jesse T. Torbert, Edward J. Fox, Harish S. Hosalkar, Kingsley R. Chin, Carol A. Dolinskas, Richard Daniels, Richard D. Lackman INTRODUCTION Approximately 10% of all…
Low Back Pain and Pregnancy – Examination and Diagnostic Work-up in the Pregnant Patient
CHAPTER 123 Low Back Pain and Pregnancy – Examination and Diagnostic Work-up in the Pregnant Patient Colleen M. Fitzgerald, Christina Kerger Hynes INTRODUCTION Nearly any medical condition that can occur…
Examination of the Cervical Spine
CHAPTER 48 Examination of the Cervical Spine Hillel M. Sommer, Brinda S. Kantha, Larry H. Chou SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS Perhaps there is no better example of the ‘art’ of medicine…
Surgical Management of Isthmic, Dysplastic and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
CHAPTER 100 Surgical Management of Isthmic, Dysplastic and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Yizhar Floman INTRODUCTION Spondylolisthesis is a common radiological and clinical condition that may arise as a result of different developmental…
Sacral Insufficiency Fractures
CHAPTER 119 Sacral Insufficiency Fractures Mark A. Harrast INTRODUCTION Insufficiency fractures of the sacrum are an underrecognized cause of low back pain, particularly in the elderly female. To identify these…
