Fig. 11.1 Gender differences in posture during shuttle run cutting; (a) male and (b) female. Female athletes show a smaller knee flexion angle, smaller forward trunk angles, and greater lateral…
Fig. 9.1 An example of a video matched in Poser, three-camera basketball injury situation 50 ms after IC. The two top panels and left bottom panel show the customized skeleton…
Fig. 30.1 Schematic representation of the fracture zones in the proximal fifth metatarsal bone 30.4.1 Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture (Zone I) Tuberosity avulsion fractures are the most common acute fracture of…
Muscle Muscle belly length (cm) Fiber length (cm) Pennation angle (deg) Fiber arrangement ST 26.8 ± 3.6 23.8 ± 1.8 0 Parallel fibered muscle G 24.9 ± 2.4 24.3 ± 1.9 0 SM 28.5 ± 2.6 6.0 ± 0.8 31 ± 5 Unipennate muscle…
Fig. 12.1 Dynamic valgus during landing 12.2.2 Cutting Maneuver ACL injury risk was found to be associated with knee abduction angle and knee abduction moment in a series of prospective…
Contralateral limb ACL-reconstructed limb Muscle volume of the ST (cm3) 152.5 ± 65.5 111.4 ± 55.7a Muscle length of the ST (cm) 28.1 ± 3.1 24.3 ± 4.3a Values are mean ± SD ap < 0.0001 compared with the…
Fig. 18.1 Drop vertical jumps. NH not holding a stick (a), RH holding a stick with right hand (b), RHT holding a stick with right hand with a target (c)…
Fig. 21.1 The drop vertical jump The drop vertical jump/drop landing is composed of dropping off a box onto the ground (drop vertical jump/drop landing) and performing a vertical jump…
Fig. 15.1 Knee valgus motion in the early, middle, late, and post pubertal stages (*:p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, †:p < 0.001) Fig. 15.2 Knee flexion range of motion…
Fig. 6.1 Frequency of concussions In terms of the time when the first concussion occurred, 114/1,114 (10.2 %) athletes were in elementary school, 265/1,400 (18.9 %) were in junior high…
