Biomechanical Analysis of V2 Skating in Cross-Country Skiing
Fig. 21.1 A typical example of ski-sensor voltage during (a) a medium-speed trial, and (b) a high speed trial Fig. 21.2 Phase diagram of V2 skating for (a) a medium-speed…
Limb Force Generation as a Limiting Factor for Maximum-Effort Acceleration Performance
Fig. 22.1 Photograph of the experimental intervention – a life jacket with additional mass of 12.4 kg. The life jacket was securely fastened to the athletes and the additional mass elements…
Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Elite Athlete Status
Fig. 10.1 Mitochondrial haplogroup distribution in endurance athletes sprint/power athletes, and controls. *P = 0.032 vs Control, *P = 0.007 vs Control (Modified from Mikami 2011) Interestingly, Okura et al. (2003) reported that m.15497G>A…
Jump Performance Enhancement Induced by Countermovement
Fig. 16.1 Mechanistic model of skeletal muscle function. CC, SEC, and PEC represent contractile component, series elastic component, and parallel elastic component, respectively It has been confirmed that tendon length…
The Spin on a Baseball for Eight Different Pitches Thrown by an Elite Professional Pitcher
Fig. 26.1 Special apparatus to analyze the ball spin Fig. 26.2 Definition of the angles of elevation Φ and azimuth θ Ball spin rate just after ball release was calculated…
Is Graduated Pressure Profile an Essential Feature for Compression Stockings to Reduce Fatigue Development of the Plantar Flexors?
Pressure intensity (mmHg) GRA UNI LOC Muscle belly of gastrocnemius 18 30 30 Ankle 30 30 18 GRA graduated pressure profile, LOC localized pressure profile at the gastrocnemius region,…
Can a High-Intensity Contraction Be Enhanced by a Conditioning Contraction? Insight from the Relationship Between Shortening Velocity of Muscle Fibers and Postactivation Potentiation
Fig. 17.1 Typical examples of fascicle length changes during twitch contractions After a twitch contraction was elicited, maximal-voluntary isometric plantar flexion was performed for six seconds as a conditioning contraction….
Conceptualization of Coaching Process and Coaching Practice
Author Theme sport Components Côté et al. (1995a) Coaching model (knowledge) Gymnastics Competition, training, organization, Coach’s personal characteristics, Gymnast’s personal characteristics and level of development, contextual factors Côté et al….
Neural Mechanisms of Muscle Cramp
Fig. 8.1 Scheme depicting the two major mechanisms purported to underlie the development of muscle cramps 8.5.1 Central Origin Theory Norris et al. (1957) proposed the central origin theory after…
Intra- and Inter-person Coordinated Movements of Fingers and Toes
Fig. 4.1 Tasks involving coordinated movements of the right fingers and the right toes. The fingers and the toes simultaneously flex or extend in Simul-Same and Simul-Opp, whereas finger flexion…
