Fig. 7.1 Illustration of the tendon-spinal cord-bladder artificial reflex arc in canines 7.2.2.2 Electrophysiologic Examination The dogs were examined under anesthesia at the set postoperative times (6 months and 18…
Fig. 8.1 Creation of microsurgical anastomoses between the T10 and S2 ventral roots The patients were moved to rehabilitation clinics 2 weeks after surgery. Patient follow-up was scheduled 6, 12,…
Fig. 6.1 Schematic diagram of selective sacral rhizotomy (a) group A; (b) group B; (c) group C; (d) group D 6.2.2.2 Operation Procedure Proceed with intravenous anesthesia with 25 mg/kg…
Country Author(s) of published data Observation period Prevalence per million population Australia O’Connor [2] 1997 681 Finland (Helsinki) Dahlberg [3] 1999 280 Norway (Hordaland and Sogn og Flordane) Hagen [4]…
N Bladder capacity (ml) Bladder pressure (KPa) Urethral pressure (KPa) Residual volume (ml) Urine culture (+) Urine return Urinary tract infection Renal damage A 6 300 ± 100 7 ± 2 6 ± 1 40 ± 10 0…
Fig. 8.1 Normal anterior pelvic anatomy: standard MRI planes. (a) Coronal T1-weighted image through anterior pelvis. The rectus abdominis insertion (arrows) forms “mustache” along inferior margin of pubic bones (P)….
Fig. 4.1 The ball-and-socket hip joint is comprised of the femoral head (ball) and acetabulum (socket). The articular surface is lined with hyaline cartilage. The fibrocartilaginous labrum runs circumferentially around…
Fig. 9.1 Example of upper crossed syndrome (artist rendition) Fig. 9.2 Example of lower crossed syndrome (artist rendition) Forward head position Kyphotic shoulders Tight pectoralis major Tight upper trapezius Tight…
Fig. 11.1 Athletic groin history patient information form used at the Washington University School of Medicine The physical exam should be comprehensive and include a careful abdominal exam, assessment for…
Fig. 14.1 Rugby player sustaining a groin injury during play Background The controversy surrounding the diagnosis and management of groin pain results from the inability to offer an exact pathological…
